adjective clause

Adjective clause

# Sentence is a group of words consist of S V O.      

# Clause is a group of words containing S V.

# Independent clause is complete sentence, it is also called by Main clause.

# Dependent clause is not complete sentence. It must be connected by independent clause.

# Adjective clause is a dependent clause modifies a main noun. It describes, identifies, gives

    further information about the noun.

# Relative pronoun is a conjunction or a word, and it used to relate main noun between

   independent clause and Dependent clause.

As subject person

1^st Formula  : S(main noun) + Who/That + V + O + V + O

MC  : The girl is sitting on the chair.

SC   : She is a beautiful girl.

RP   : The girl who is a beautiful girl is sitting on the chair.

2^nd Formula   : S + V + O (main noun) + Who/That + V + O

MC  : Iin saw the man

SC   : He was laughing and smiling

RP   : Iin saw the man who was laughing and smiling.

As subject Non-person.

1^st Formula  : S (main noun) + Which/That + V + O + V + O

MC  : The cat eats some fish in the kitchen.

SC   : It has a frightened face

RP   : The cat which has a frightened face eats some fish in the kitchen.

2^nd Formula   : S + V + O(main noun) + Which/That + V + O

MC : My father has a big scissor.

SC  : It can be used to cut a big tree.

RP  : My father has a scissor which can be used to cut a big tree.

Note : Either subject person or subject non person can use that as relative pronoun, it has the same meaning.

Iin saw the man who was laughing and smiling / Iin saw the man that was laughing and smiling

My father has a scissor which can be used to cut a big tree / My father has a scissor which can be used to cut a big tree.

As object person

1^st Formula   : S(main noun) + Whom/That + S + V + V + O

MC  : A cute girl is playing cheese.

SC   : I saw her in the yard

RP   : A cute girl whom I saw in the yard is playing cheese.

2^nd Formula  : S + V + O (main noun) + S + V

MC  : I have a beautiful girlfriend.

SC   : Everyone knows her

RP   : I have a beautiful girlfriend whom everyone knows

As object Non-person

1^st Formula  : S (main noun) + Which/That + S + V + V + O

MC  : The dog is so big

SC   : My neighbor hates it.

RP   : The dog which my neighbor hates is so big.

2^nd  Formula  : S + V +  O(main noun) + S + V

MC  : My family has a luxurious car

SC   : A thief stole it.

RP   : My family has a luxurious car which a thief stole.

Note : Either as object person or as object non-person can use that as relative pronoun, it has the same meaning.

I have a beautiful girlfriend whom everyone knows / I have a beautiful girlfriend that everyone knows.

The dog which my neighbor hates is so big / the dog that my neighbor hates is so big.

Using Whose

Whose is used to change possessive adjective. The place of Possessive adjective can be either in a subject or in an object. We must be sure that we put a noun either singular or plural after whose. And in sub-clause, there must be a possessive adjective of the main noun in main clause.

1^st Formula : S (main noun) + Whose + Noun + Verb + Object + Verb + Object

Example :

MC : The little boy looks very happy.

SC  : His value of examination is great.

RP  : The little boy whose value is great looks very happy.

2^nd Formula : S (main noun) + Whose +  Noun + Subject + Verb + Verb + Object

Example :

            MC : The girl gets a noble of a creative student

            SC  : Studying is his daily activity .

            RP  : The girl whose daily activity studying is  gets a noble of  a creative student

3^rd Formula : S + Verb + Object ( main noun ) + Whose + Noun + Verb + Object

Example :

            MC : I say to the old man.

            SC  : His stick was lost by me.

            RP  : I say to the old man whose stick was lost by me .

4^th Formula : S + V + Object (main noun) + Whose + Noun + Subject + Verb

Example :

            MC : Ahmad wears a jacket.

            SC  : The fish can be killed by its smell.

            RP  : Ahmad wears a jacket whose smell the fish can be killed

Note : Whose can be used for pronoun of thing and person.

     

Relative pronoun with the expressions of number

Such as : one of…, some of…., several of…., both of…., etc….

Examples :

MC      : Farid meets some girls

SC       : Some of them are my firend

RP       : Farid meet some girls some of whom are my friend

MC      : My mother plants some wild orchids

SC       : One of them is called calypso

RP       : My mother plants some wild orchids one of which is called calypso

MC      : The old lady looks so shocked

SC       : The train killed both of her children

RP       : the old lady both of whose children the train killed looks so shocked.

Using WHERE for the place.

Examples :

MC      : The building is so scared

SC       : I met my girlfriend there

RP       : The building where I met my girlfriend is so scared

MC      : Surowono is the pool

SC       : Some people swam there

RP       : Surowono is the pool where some people swam

Formula : Place + where + S + V + O + V + O

                Place + Prep. Which + S + V + O + V + O

                Place + Which + S + V + O + Prep. + V + O

                Place + That + S + V + O +  V + O

                Place + O Mitting + S + V + O + V + O

Using WHEN for the time

Examples :

MC      : 2004 was the year.

SC       : Tsunami Aceh happened then.

RP       : 2004 was the year when tsunami Aceh happened

MC      : 08.30 runs so fast

SC       : I met someone then

RP       : 08.30 when I met someone runs so fast

Formula : : Time + where + S + V + O + V + O

                   Time + Prep. Which + S + V + O + V + O

                   Time + That + S + V + O +  V + O

                   Time + O Mitting + S + V + O + V + O

Preposition of where and when

In                     : Place, year, month, century

On                   : Day, Date

At                    : o’clock