passive voice

PASSIVE VOICE

( Kalimat Pasif )

            Passive voice adalah kalimat yang subyeknya dikenai pekerjaan.

Beberapa cara untuk membuat kalimat pasif :

1. Kalimat harus mempunyai obyek.
2. Meletakkan obyek kalimat aktif menjadi subyek kalimat pasif.
3. Meletakkan subyek kalimat aktif menjadi obyek kalimat pasif.
4. Meletakkan by sebelum obyek.
5. Menggunakan Kata kerja ( verb ) bentuk ketiga ( V-3 ) setelah to be ( is, am, are, was, were, be, been, being )
6. Hanya kalimat verbal yang bisa digunakan dalam kalimat pasif.
7. Mengikuti tense-nya.
8. Fungsi atau Keterangan waktu didalam kalimat pasif sama dengan kalimat aktif.

1. Simple Present Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + To Be ( is, am, are ) + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + To Be ( is, am, are ) + Not + V-3 + By + O

( ? )  To Be ( is, am, are ) + S + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( + ) English is studied by me every day.

            Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

            Example : English is studied by me.

                                  a               b          c

a.       What is studied by me ?

b.      What is done by me ?

c.       By whom is English studied ?

2. Present Continuous Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + To Be ( is, am, are ) + Being + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + To Be ( is, am, are ) + Not + Being + V-3 + By + O

( ? ) To Be ( is, am, are ) + S + Being + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( ? ) Is English being studied by me now ?

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English is being studied by me.

                      a                         b          c

a.       What is being studied by me ?

b.      What is being done by me ?

c.       By whom is English being studied ?

3. Present Perfect Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Have/Has + Been + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Have/Has + Not + Been + V-3 + By + O

( ? ) Have/Has + S + Been + V-3 + By + O ?

.Example :

 English has been studied by me just now

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question Word )

Example : English has been studied by me.

                      a                          b          c

a.       What has been studied by me ?

b.      What has done by me ?

c.       By whom has English been studied ?

4. Present Perfect  Continuous Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + )  S + Has/Have + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Has/Have + Not + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O

( ? )  Has/Have + S + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( + ) English has been being studied by me for a week

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English has been being studied by me.

                      a                                    b          c

a.       What has been being studied by me ?

b.      What has been being done by me ?

c.       By whom has English been being studied ?

5. Past Tense / Simple Past ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Was/Were + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Was/Were + Not + V-3 + By + O

( ? ) Was/Were + S + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( + ) English was studied by me yesterday.

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( Question Word )

Example :

English was studied by me.

     a                 b          c

a. what was studied by me ?

b. what was done by me ?

c. by whom was English studied ?

6. Past Continuous Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Was/Were + Being + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Was/Were + Not + Being + V-3 + By + O

( ? ) Was/Were + S + Being + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

 English was being studied by me All morning yesterday.

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English was being studied by me

                        a                           b         c

a. What was being studied by me ?

b. what was being studied by me ?

c. by whom was English studied ?

                       

7. Past Perfect ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Had + Been + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Had + Not + Been + V-3 + O

( ? ) Had + S + Been + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( ? ) Had English studied by me when the teacher came ?

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English had been studied by me.

                        a                          b         c

a. What had been studied by me ?

b. what had been done by me ?

c. by whom had English been studied ?

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense ( Passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Had + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Had + Not + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O

( ? )  Had + S + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( - ) English had been being studied by me for an hour when the teacher came.

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English had been being studied by me.

                        a                                  b          c

a.       What had been being studied by me?

b.      What had been being done by me ?

c.       By whom had English been being done ?

9. Simple Future ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Will/Shall + Be + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Will/Shall + Not + Be + V-3 + By + O

( ? )  Will/Shall + S + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( - ) English won’t be studied by me tomorrow.

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English will be studied by me.

                        a                      b          c

a. what will be studied by me ?

b. what will be done by me ?

c. by whom will English studied ?

10. Future Continuous Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Will/Shall + Be + Being + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Will/Shall + Not + Be + Being + V-3 + By + O

( ? ) Will/Shall + S + Be +being + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( ? ) English will be being studied at 08.00 tonight

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English will be being studied by me.

                        a                               b          c

a. What will be being studied by me ?

b. what will be being done by me ?

c. by whom will English be being done ?

11. Future Perfect Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Will/Shall + Have + Been + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Will/Shall + Not + Have + Been + V-3 + By + O

( ? ) Will/Shall + S + Have + Been + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( + ) English will have been studied by me by the end of next week.

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English will have been studied by me

                        a                                  b          c

a. what will have been studied by me ?

b. what will have been done by me?

c. by whom will English have been done ?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense ( passive voice )

Formula :

( + ) S + Will/Shall + Have + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O

( - )  S + Will/Shall + Not + Have + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O

( ? ) Will/Shall + S + Have + Been + Being + V-3 + By + O ?

Example :

( - ) English will not have been being studied by me by this time next week.

Menggunakan Kata Tanya ( question word )

Example : English will have been being studied by me.

                                    a                                            b          c

            a. what will have been being studied by me ?

            b. what will have been being done by me?

            c. by whom will English have been being done ?

            MODAL PASSIVE VOICE           

            ACTIVE                                             PASSIVE

1.      Can                                    = Can + Be + V-3 + By + O

2.      Could                                = Could + Be + V-3 + By + O

3.      May                                   = May + Be + V-3 + By + O

4.      Might                                = Might + Be + V-3 + By + O

5.      Must                                  = Must + Be + V-3 + By + O

6.      Have to/Has to                  = Have to/Has to + Be + V-3 + By + O

7.      Had to                               = Had to + Be + V-3 + By + O

8.      Will/Would                       = Will/Would + Be + V-3 + By + O

9.      Should                               = Should + Be + V-3 + By + O

Example :

1.      A song can be sung by me

2.      A song could be sung by me

3.      A song may be sung by me

4.      A song might be sung by me

5.      A song must be sung by me

6.      A song has to be sung by me

7.      A song had to be sung by me

8.      A song would be sung by me

9.      A song should be sung by me